我们周围的学生几乎每天都在忙着做英语阅读理解题，但有些同学因为没有掌握正确的阅读策略，所以尽管是天天读，天天练，但阅读能力却难以提高。我总结有些同学在英语阅读中存在的问题主要有：
1.读完文章后缺乏对文章的整体把握，头脑中只有零散的信息或模糊的概念。
2.信息捕捉不准，做题凭感觉，缺乏依据。
3.对于能捕捉到的信息，缺乏必要的处理能力，经常断章取义。
4.遇到难题心理紧张，思维混乱;遇到容易题时，又往往掉以轻心，跌入命题者设下的陷阱。
下面我们选用一些高考阅读理解题作为例题，针对同学们在做英语阅读理解题中存在的一些误区，具体谈一谈如何掌握正确的阅读策略和技巧，从而有效避免做阅读理解题时容易出现的失误，提高我们的做题成功率。
一、概况主旨、理清脉络、体会段落之间内在联系，做好主旨归纳题和主题判定题。
主旨归纳题和主题判定题是高考阅读理解的必考题型，具有较高的难度和区分度，一般占阅读理解总题量的10%左右。
例题1(历年全国高考卷I第62题)
MONTREAL (Ruters)—Crossing the US-Canada border(边界) to go to church(与62题有关) on a Sunday cost a US citizen $10,000 for breaking Washington’s strict new security(安全) rules. The expensive trip to church(与62题有关) was a surprise for Richard Albert, who lives right on the Canadian border. Like the other dozen people of Township 15, crossing the border is a daily occurrence for Albert.
62. What would be the best title for the text?
A. A Cross Country Trip
B. A Special Border Pass
C. An Unguarded Border
D. An Expensive Church Visit
【思路点拨】本题考查主旨大意。文章报道了以Albert为代表的住在美加边界的一些美国人为了到加拿大去做礼拜而穿越边境，从而违反了美国安全法令被罚以重金。正确答案为D，即“代价昂贵的礼拜”。A选项“跨国之旅”偏离了文章主要叙述Albert违法越界遭到重罚的主题，B项为“特殊的边境护照”涉及的是文章的细节，并非主旨，C项“不设防的边界”与原文所述事实又不不符。
二、快速准确捕捉信息词句，做好细节理解题。
细节理解题是高考英语阅读中所占比例较大(往往在40%以上)的一个基础题型。我们要想在高考中取得理想的成绩，首先应该保证基础题型的准确率。有时文章读懂了，但做题时不知从何入手去获得必要的信息支持。
例题2(历年全国高考卷I第60题，原文见例题1)
60.Albert was fined because he ______.
A. failed to obey traffic rules
B. broke the American security rules
C. worked in St. Pamphile without a pass
D. damaged the gate of the customs office
【思路点拨】本题考查细节推断。从原文倒数第二段最后一句可以看出，Albert违法穿越边界违反了安全法令，此事有录像为证，所以选B。
三、严密推理、合理想象。
做好推理判断题做阅读理解题时文章的字面意思往往容易理解，但怎样才能理解文章的深层含义做好推理判断题呢?推理判断题是高考阅读理解中比较有难度的题目，近年来阅读理解题中推理判断题所占比重已经增加到40%左右。
例题3(历年北京卷第68题)
Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖) of endan-gered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to thwild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven’t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals? (Paragraph 5)
68. Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _____.
A. zoos have to keep animals in small cages
B. most animals in zoos are endangered species
C. some endangered animals are reproduced in zoos
D. it’s acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats
【思路点拨】 本题为推理判断题，答案在原文中没有直接的根据，但由原文第五段可知，虽然作者对动物园持反对态度，他还是承认许多濒危动物在动物园里得到了繁殖，即，most animals in zoos are not endangered. ...Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out.。这个判断必须在读懂第五段后从字里行间中比较和探询出来。这道题的难度在于这篇议论文在表述上比较晦涩难懂。
四、结合语境分析和上下文的联系做好语义/词义理解题。
语义/词义理解题是高考阅读理解中的必有题型，一般占10%左右。语义/词义理解题也具有一定的区分度。语义/词义理解题可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语的意义推断;既可以是生词意义，也可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断和理解。
例题4(历年广东卷第56题)
We have two daughters: Kristen is seven years old and Kelly is four. Last Sunday evening, we invited some people home for dinner. I dressed them nicely for the party, and told them that their job was to join Mommy in answering the door when the bell rang. Mommy would introduce them to the guests, and then they would take the guests’ coats upstairs and put them on the bed in the second bedroom. The guests arrived. I introduced my two daughters to each of them. The adults were nice and kind and said how lucky we were to have such good kids.
56. The underlined expression “ make a big ‘to do’ over” (Paragraph 4) means ________.
A. show much concern about
B. list jobs to be done for
C. leave a special effect on
D. do good things for
【思路点拨】本题为语义理解题。根据语境判断，短语的意思是对年幼的孩子往往会有偏爱，也就是答案A“关心太多”。划线短语后面“the younger one because she’s the one who seems more easily hurt. We do it with the best of intentions.”以及原文所讲的整个故事是是判断这个短语意义的语境。
阅读理解题是高考英语试卷中权重和题量最大，赋分最多的一道大题。对英语阅读能力的考查是英语高考的重中之重，除阅读理解题外，其他各种题型从单项填空到书面表达尤其是完形填空和短文该错都与我们的英语阅读能力有密切的关系。难怪有的教师在分析高考英语试卷时得出这样的结论“得阅读者得天下”。