林庆玲
晋江市平山中学
摘要：自2016年开始重新回归全国卷，由于命题方向的不同，一线教师在复习备课时得深入研究历年全国卷的特点，而在英语学科的作文方面，全国卷基本考查的都是应用文，因此，我们在备课过程中会根据不同的应用文文体进行归纳总结各种实用的句子和模板，帮助学生弄清应用文的脉络，提升写作能力。而2021年的新高考对于学生的写作要求又有了新的要求，新高考英语卷大概率以山东高考卷为模板。山东的高考英语卷写作题分为两种题型：即应用文写作（15分）以及读后续写(25分)。
关键字： 新高考备考 读后续写微技能 课本资源
笔者本学年从事高二到高三的英语教学工作，在研究及教授了一年的读后续写后，对于这个新的写作题型有了全新的认识。学生在阅读完原故事，围绕故事进行了动作环境心情等方面的构思后必须要能做到迅速熟练地故事写作。这就需要学生在平时的英语学习中下意识地多积累好词好句。如何帮助学生积累呢？推翻了之前我们认定的要额外去找课外素材的想法，笔者认为课本资源就是最直观最好用的读后续写训练和微技能积累的途径。课本资源该如何再利用，我们又该如何提升学生的读后续写微技能呢？笔者以目前的教学实践为例，浅谈几点感悟及做法：
一 合理利用课本阅读文章，指导学生归纳并积累续写佳句
课本的资源对学生来说是最直观最有效的学习积累途径。此处笔者以北师大版高中英语模块八两篇阅读课文为例进行阐述。Unit23 Lesson1 -《Living in a Community》由两篇小短文组成，分别记叙了两件关于街坊矛盾的小故事。文体为记叙文，与读后续写的文体一致。而两篇小短文中对倒装句，强调句等高级句型的多次运用值得学生去背诵及模仿。以下为本课一些好句及解析:
Seldom has drummer caused such conflict.
Neither could we get rid of the smell of fish.
Neither could they relax or read a book without plugging their ears.
It appears that not only is he a keen gardener, he is also a fish collector.
Had they known their neighbor was a drummer, they wouldn’t have moved into the building.
No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.
It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a warning.
It is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.
这些句子中有倒装句，强调句以及虚拟语气。其中加黑的这些单词都是本句的亮眼之处，有表达“否定”“一….就”“不仅….而且”等含义的倒装句，有“It is/was….that”句型的强调句还有表达对过去发生事情的虚拟的省略条件句。这些佳句都可以用在记叙文中并且适合用来借鉴模仿。
二 巧妙安排读后续写任务，帮助学生仿写及操练相关句型
正如谚语“Practice makes perfect”所说的，只有多练习才能熟练地掌握句型。单纯的记忆输入是远远不够的，还得借助平时的相关题型的操练输出才能达到相关知识的牢固掌握。笔者在要求学生背诵完相关句子后会利用某个读后续写题来进行相关句型的仿写及操练。
以Unit23lesson1&Lesson3为例：
笔者从习题中选了以下读后续写题来帮助学生句型训练，以下为续写原文及两段首句：
In 1989，fresh out of high school，I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months．In those days in Pakistan，there were limited options：becoming a doctor or an engineer，or entering the financial world after getting a business degree．I wasn't interested in engineering，so that I was left with medicine or business．I couldn't decide．My uncle，one of the elders in the family，suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital．After that，I could make a decision．It seemed like a brilliant idea．I was accepted for a month's placement at a foreign bank in Karachi．I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned，made new friends，and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings．The month passed rapidly，and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi．The experience couldn't have been more different．The hospital had an intense environment．The days started early （at 7am，compared to 9am at the bank），and were filled with endless duties．And the night calls!
This was crazy，working all day，through the night，and again the next day．I began thinking about my two experiences．The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere，better working hours and less stress．The hospital was full of excitement，and unpredictability，but the studying and training was difficult．It seemed that the business option was going to win out．Near the end of my month at the hospital，I was driving home after an especially busy night call．In front of me was a public bus，with college students sitting on the top．As the driver weaved through traffic，I could see the boys shaking from side to side．
Paragraph1: Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus…
Paragraph2: The next day, when I went to the hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces.
本篇续写故事针对作者的职业选择为中心进行故事阐述。故事发展应围绕作者救助了受伤的男孩之后的感触及最终做出的职业选择来开展。在指导学生进行续写故事框架建构之后，笔者利用PPT重现了Lesson1 &lesson3的佳句并要求学生根据故事情节做出仿写，以下为学生仿写的部分句型：
1.我们一到达医院那个男孩子就被推进手术室。
No sooner/Hardly had we arrived at the hospital than/when the boy was wheeled in to operation room.
2.他伤得是如此的重以至于他都无法移动他的腿。
So badly was he hurt that he couldn't move his leg.
3.之前我从未有过这种感受。
Never before had I got this kind of feeling.
4就在这一刻我意识到成为一名医生的重要性
It was right at this moment that I realized the importance of being a doctor./
Only at this moment did I realize the importance of being a doctor.
5.那个男孩腿受伤并且几乎昏迷了。
The boy was wounded in the leg and almost unconscious.
6.我开始明白了作为一名医生的重要性。
I came to an understanding that being a doctor means a lot.
7. 在等了一个小时后，得知那个男孩子没事，我释然地离开了医院。
After waiting an hour, I left the hospital in relief knowing that the boy was fine.
在背诵积累及操练之后，笔者要求学生整句成篇上交。在批改过程中，笔者发现学生的表述能力有了一定的提升。句式运用方面也不再停留在简单句的水平。在不断地背诵操练中，学生“get”到了越来越多的读后续写微技能。在写作方面的自信心也明显的提升了。
总结
在帮助学生复习备考过程中，笔者一直不断有新的感悟。针对新的写作题型，我们也有许多困惑和茫然。然而，无论是什么样的新题型，回归课本，利用课本资源一直是英语复习的一个主方向。因此，在读后续写的写作任务教学中，我们应下意识地对课本资源进行再利用，帮助学生积累及操练，获得越来越多的写作微技能。