浅谈如何做新中考题型中的阅读填空题--中国期刊网

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浅谈如何做新中考题型中的阅读填空题

发表时间：2020/12/23 来源：《中小学教育》2020年12月3期作者：王欢

[导读]

王欢四川省绵竹实验学校
中图分类号：G652.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：ISSN1001-2982 （2020）12-052-02

        德阳地区新英语中考题型分为三部分，第一部分：听（20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）；第二部分：读（35小题，每小题2分，共70分）；第三部分：写（共50分）。由此可见，新英语中考题型中对学生的阅读能力要求很高。今天这篇文章主要以第二部分（读）当中的最后一个小题——阅读填空（六选五）为例，来谈谈学生在中考中该如何做好这种题。
        中考英语“六选五”主要考查考生对语篇的阅读能力，理解能力，逻辑推理能力以及对上下文的联系等各方面的能力，所以这个题对部分考生来说是难题，得分率较低。那么关于这类题型的解题技巧，我们随便就可以找到很多，如：
        【解题六步法】
        第一步：认真阅读文章的开头部分，以明确文章的基本话题；
        第二步：快速阅读首尾段、每段的首尾句以及文章中带转折词的句子，以便掌握文章大意；
        第三步：仔细阅读各个选项，并画出关键词；
        第四步：阅读各个空的前后句，并画出关键词；
        第五步：对比并匹配上述两类关键词，并按照先易后难的顺序选出答案。一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记，以免分散注意力；
        第六步：将选项带入文章中重读，依据行文逻辑检查核对，再次确定所选答案。（摘自学科网—2020年中考题型解题技巧-六选五）
        今天这篇文章将直接从两个实例中教给学生一些更直接、有效的方法。

期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆

        （一）
        Last year, the central government made a plan for the AI development in China. It required primary and secondary schools to set up AI courses at school. 1._______
        The book is titled Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence. It has nine chapters in all. It was written by teachers from the most well-known schools all over the country, with the help pf East China Normal University.
        ______ developed an online system for students so that they can practice the knowledge in each chapter.
_________ but also to its practical use in everyday life. It also teaches students about the history of AI and how the technology can be used in areas, such as novel writing, the development of driverless cars and industrial robots.
        At present, around forty high schools across our country have introduced the book. 4.______
        Both experts and parents welcome the book. 5.________ And it will be a good introduction to the area so that students can decide whether they want to further study AI in university.
        They believe that book will guide students who have little knowledge about AI.
        Sense Time, and AI company from Hong Kong,
        There are some ways to introduce AI into your school.
        The book gives attention not only to the basics of AI,
        They are the first schools in a program to make AI part of high school learning.
        Recently China’s first artificial intelligence(AI)textbook for high school students came out.
        （选自《名校课堂》四川专版（九年级上）P52）
        第一步，读选项；
        通读选项我们可以发现，选项B、D不是完整的句子，再结合原文，发现第2空和第3空处都不是完整的句子，可以初步确定，选项B、D应该选在第2、3空中；
        第二步，找连词；
        这里所说的连词有一些表示转折的连词：but，however，yet，though等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，as well as，neither... nor，either ...or，not only...but also，on the one hand....on the other hand等。我们很容易看到第3空后的but also, 由此我们想到连词短语not only...but also, 所以可以确定选项D该选入第3空，那么选项B就该选在第2空。
        第三步，看代词；
        在做六选五时，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，那么通过代词的单复数以及代词在句子中所做的成分，我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型。选项A中主句的主语是they指代的是人，宾语从句的主语the book和第5空的上下文符合；选项E中主语they指代的是schools和第4空符合。
        第四步，排除法；
        从前三步我们已经确定了四个选项，把剩余的两个选项带入文章中可以发现F更符合第一空。由此确定出本篇阅读填空的答案为1-5： FBDEA。
        （二）
        It's challenging to guide a teenager. How should parents deal with teenagers who only thinks about themselves? Here are a few ways.
        Teach teenagers respect(尊重). Giving teenagers lots of love is challenging when there are so many parents working all day. Many teenagers these days get less respect from their parents. Do parents say “please” and “thank you” to their teenagers? 1._______
        Make use of home time wisely. 2.________ Keep the lines of communication open during dinner and chores. Make sure everyone take part in family decisions. Family meetings at the dinner table or in the living room work greatly for daily communication.
        Teach teenagers responsibility(责任). 3.________ If you’re having difficulty in this area, give your teenager a list of chores. Praise him or her for doing a job well.
        _______ Help teenagers discover their talents. They may be talented in sports, music or science.
        ______ The more you care about their lives, the more you will know what they can do.
        Communication is important in any family.
        Care about their lives.
        Help teenagers set goals(目标) for themselves.
        Parents should respect teenagers, and they’ll give it back.
        It’s difficult to teach some teenagers responsibility.
        You can give them better advice on what their goals are.
        选自《Student Times》2020-2021学年度，第9期B4版Section B(3a-Self Check)
        个人认为这种给建议，有小标题的文章是六选五题型中较为简单的，以此题为例，第1空在第一个小标题“Teach teenagers respect”中，所以我们可以直接找选项中的相关选项，由此确定选项E；由同样的方法，可以直接确定第2空选A，第3空选E；剩余的第4空和第5空，需要我们选出小标题，所以根据后面的内容，判断出第4空选C，第5空选B。由此确定本篇的答案为1-5：DAECB。
        从以上两篇例题中我们可以看出，由于六选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。