人性化护理在血液净化护理中的应用

发表时间:2021/4/8   来源:《健康世界》2021年2期   作者:张月巍
[导读] 探究人性化护理在血液净化护理中的应用

        张月巍
        武宁县人民医院  江西九江  332300
        摘要:目的 探究人性化护理在血液净化护理中的应用。方法 选取我院2018年4月~2019年4月收治的60例血液净化患者作为本次研究对象,采用数字随机表法分为对照组和研究组各30例。对照组采用常规护理进行干预,研究组采用人性化护理干预。对比两组患者对不同护理方式的满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分以及满意度评分。结果 干预后,研究组组临床护理满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分,与对照组对比,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05); 干预后,研究组与对照组焦虑评分、抑郁评分,与干预前对比,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。研究组的护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论 在血液净化处理中人性化护理干预效果取了的明显成效,可以帮助患者缓解生理和心理的双重痛苦,尽快达到治疗预期,给患者提供温馨、舒适的病房环境。可以在临床中推广应用。
        【关键词】人性化护理;血液净化护理;常规护理
1、资料与方法
1.1一般资料
        选取我院2018年4月~2019年4月收治的60例血液净化患者作为本次研究对象,采用数字随机表法分为对照组和研究组各30例。其中对照组患者男性17例,女性13例,年龄20~70岁,平均年龄(45.56±4.30)岁;研究组患者男性20例,女性10例,年龄22~71岁,平均年龄(46.25±3.06)岁。选取标准:(1)经过我院诊断,患者符合血液净化判断标准;(2)患者年龄不超过72岁;(3)患者及其家属知晓作为本次研究对象,并签订同意书。排除标准:(1)处于昏迷时期的患者;(2)有严重肝肾缺陷功能和异常的患者[1-2];(3)有精神疾病的患者[2]。对比两组患者性别、年龄和临床基本资料,差异无明显统计学意义(P>0.05)。
1.2方法
   对照组采用常规护理进行干预,研究组采用人性化护理干预,主要步骤:(1)净化前护理干预,护理人员在净化开始前对患者整体病情做综合评估,倾听患者诉求,观察各项指标是否存在异常情况,如有异常需立即汇报主治医生;观察患者的体重变化、血压稳定以及体温正常等情况,对透析器械和透析模式选择合理的方式进行,同时准备好急救箱和急救药物。(2)净化时的护理干预,护理人员需要密切关注患者生命体征,出现异常要及时处理,因为患者身体状况存在不同的差异,对于抵抗力较差的患者要严格遵守隔离、无菌操作的原则,保持瘘管和导管的无菌干净程度。保证患者居住环境舒适且温馨,从心理上降低治疗痛苦,疏导不良情绪及时和患者沟通,获得信赖。(3)净化后护理干预,根据患者净化后的基本情况,进行营养教育、制定科学的饮食方案,多食用高蛋白食物同步开展健康教育[3]。
1.3观察指标
        对比两组患者对不同护理方式的满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分;采用我院自制的满意度调查问卷≥90分为非常满意,60~90分一般满意,<60分为不满意;
2、结果
2.1对比两组患者对不同护理方式的满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分
        在进行干预前,对照组的焦虑评分和抑郁评分分别为:56.89±4.23、56.86±5.08;干预后为45.56±2.56、46.55±3.02。在进行干预前,研究组的焦虑评分和抑郁评分分别为:56.68±3.56、55.54±4.22;干预后为33.21±2.99 、34.54±2.52 。

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
        根据上述结果,干预后,研究组组临床护理满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分,与对照组对比,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05); 干预后,研究组与对照组焦虑评分、抑郁评分,与干预前对比,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。
2.2对比两组临床护理满意度
        对照组临床护理满意度为80%,其中不满意6例,一般满意16,非常满意8;研究组临床护理满意度为100%,其中不满意0例,一般满意8例,非常满意22例,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
3、讨论
        目前为止,血液透析是作为临床上长期用来治疗的方式,会降低患者生活质量,并且在长期血液透析过程中患者要承担痛苦的生理反应和抵触心理反应。患者在准备进行肝肾移植手术前都需要经过长期的血液透析治疗,目的是保证患者正常生活,但是长期的透析治疗,让患者的生活水平急速下降,依从性降低,也会降低预期的治疗效果。因此提升患者的生活质量是整个临床治疗中非常关键的一步。常规的护理干预已经不能满足患者的需求,因此我院在血液净化治疗中推出人性化护理。对护理人员要求必有熟练精湛的操作技巧和护理方式,有很好的耐心和责任心,在根据患者的不同情况下定制科学并且合理的保护计划,在舒适温馨的环境下将护理服务顺利完成[4]。
        根据上述结果得知,干预后,研究组组临床护理满意度、焦虑评分、抑郁评分,与对照组对比,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05); 干预后,研究组与对照组焦虑评分、抑郁评分,与干预前对比, 差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。研究组的护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。提示:在血液净化处理中人性化护理干预效果取了的明显成效,可以帮助患者缓解生理和心理的双重痛苦,尽快达到治疗预期,给患者提供温馨、舒适的病房环境。可以在临床中推广应用。
参考文献
[1]陈晓琴,张春芳,张春芬,史全芳. 人性化护理在血液净化中的应用效果观察[J]. 基层医学论坛,2019,23(05):724-725.
[2]陈凤英. 人性化护理在血液净化护理中的应用研究[J]. 中国继续医学教育,2019,11(14):169-171.
[3]王珩. 人性化护理在血液净化护理中的效果观察[J]. 航空航天医学杂志,2020,31(02):257-258.





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