蒋朝杏
腾冲市第一中学
一、设题特点：
①句内题；②句组题；③语篇题。
1、句内题：解题信息就分布在空格处所在的句子内，在续懂文章的前担下，利用该句的一些解题信息就可直接作答。我们可以用四大方法速判句内题：
①利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
（2016全国Ⅰ）The man who had his bright lights on came over and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call.
49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed
（根据语境知道这两个人遇到了事故，所以要打急救电话。为固定搭配，意为“打电话”。）
②利用生活常识和文化背景解题。
（2016全国Ⅰ）Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the police if he was needed or free to go.
56. A. stepped forward B. backed off
C. moved on D. set out
（根据生活常识可知，当急救人员来的时候，其他临时施救的非专业人员当然要后退。）
③利用逻辑关系解题（主要考查连词及上下文的逻辑关系）
（2016全国Ⅲ）We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident.
28.A.and B. then C. but D. thus
（通过分析可知，空格处上下文存在明显的转折关系。）
④利用语境暗示分析法解题。
（在句内题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。）
（2016全国Ⅱ）She gave me a 53 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the ticket immediately.
53. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced
（根据下文nodded while listening patiently可知，她对我是非常友好且心怀善意的，因此选出comforting。）
2、句组题：句组题是比句内题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格处前后的句子中，解题时需瞻前顾后，即如果根据本句信息不足以判断正确答案，再在空格处前后找信息源。我们可以用四大方法智取句组题：
①利用词汇复现法解题（原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、同根词等。）
（2017全国Ⅰ）While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).
41. A. searching B. planning
C. natural D. formal
（根据上文的explore及exploration，与之相近的词是searching）
②利用作者的态度或感情色彩解题（注意名词、形容词、副词或动词等反映作者和感情色彩的词。
）
（2016四川）Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. Even the youngest children in the class were attracted by the story. They listened with great interest and then 47 joined in grand conversations about Harry’s adventures.
47.A. suspectedly B. anxiously
C. calmly D. enthusiastically
（根据loved, were attracted及with great interest可知，该题应填感情色彩积极向上的，故选enthusiastically。）
③利用逻辑关系解题。
（2017全国Ⅰ）I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.
58. A. Lastly B. Thus
C. Instead D. However
（根据上下文可知，空格处表达的是相反的意思，故选Instead。）
④利用语境暗示分析法解题（在句组题中，也需要根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。）
（2016全国Ⅰ）As he got closer, he found another vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the disabled vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and got hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
45. A. flames B. smoke
C. water D. steam
（根据上文提到Larry发现另一辆车翻倒在地，再根据下文got hold of the fire extinguisher, the fire was put out等语境暗示可知，他仔细看后，注意到从车下面冒出了火焰，故选A. flames。）
3、语篇题：我们可以利用两方法巧解语篇题。
①利用词汇复现解题（原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、同源词、同根词等。）
（2016四川）Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read above grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her niece. But Lainey took one look at it, rolled her eyes, and said, “Borring!”
“How can you say it`s 48 ? Have you read it? ” asked Aunt Dede.
48.A. amazing B. boring
C. ridiculous D. conversations
（根据上文and said, “Borring!”中的Borring是第48题的原司复现，故选boring。）
②利用逻辑关系解题。（在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题也是一种重要的方法）
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them sat side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud music filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a note under their door during the night.
38. A. therefore B. however
C. otherwise D. instead
（根据对上下文已知信息分析可知，上下文是转折关系，故选B. However。）